What is a common side effect of nitrate drips or sublingual nitroglycerin?

Nitrate drips and sublingual nitroglycerin are primarily used for the management of angina and heart failure by causing vasodilation. A common side effect associated with these medications is the occurrence of headaches and hypotension. The reason for the headaches is linked to the vasodilatory effects of nitrates, which can cause increased intracranial pressure and lead to a throbbing or pinpoint headache. Hypotension results from the systemic dilation of blood vessels, which decreases peripheral vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure.

Headaches and hypotension are notably characteristic side effects of nitrates, and healthcare providers often monitor patients closely for these reactions when initiating therapy or adjusting dosages. In contrast, while other side effects can occur, such as those related to gastrointestinal or cardiovascular systems, they are not as directly and commonly linked to nitrates as headaches and hypotension are. This understanding informs both clinical practice and patient education in critical care settings.