What is a key characteristic of an AV graft compared to an AV fistula?

An arteriovenous (AV) graft is characterized by the use of synthetic material to create a connection between an artery and a vein. This synthetic material allows for a reliable access point for hemodialysis, providing a pathway for blood to flow from the arterial system into the venous system. Because AV grafts involve the implantation of these materials, they can be particularly useful when a patient has inadequate veins for the creation of a natural fistula, which connects the artery and vein directly without synthetic intermediaries.

In contrast, an AV fistula is formed by surgically connecting the patient's artery and vein directly, utilizing the body’s own tissues. While this method often leads to longer-lasting and more functional access for dialysis, the need for the patient’s veins to be in sufficient condition and of adequate size limits its use in some patients.

The options related to durability or complications do not apply directly to the defining characteristic of an AV graft. While a graft may usually heal more quickly than a fistula, this is not the primary distinguishing feature; rather, it is the use of synthetic material that sets the graft apart from a fistula.