What should a nurse assess when caring for a patient with an AV fistula?

In assessing a patient with an arteriovenous (AV) fistula, it is crucial for the nurse to evaluate both the presence of a bruit and a thrill. The presence of a bruit indicates that there is adequate blood flow through the fistula, which is essential for its function, especially in patients who may be utilizing the fistula for hemodialysis. Hearing a bruit is a sign of turbulent blood flow, which reflects the successful anastomosis of the artery and vein.

In addition to the bruit, palpating for a thrill—a vibration felt over the fistula—further confirms that the AV fistula is functioning properly. A thrill indicates good arterial flow and that the anastomosis is patent and functioning. Both assessments are integral components of monitoring the AV fistula, as they help ensure that the vessel is being used effectively for dialysis purposes and that there are no complications such as thrombosis or stenosis.

Other options, while they may be useful in different clinical contexts, do not specifically pertain to the evaluation of an AV fistula. For example, assessing for a carotid bruit pertains to the carotid arteries and not the AV fistula. Checking for pedal pulses relates more to peripheral circulation rather than the functionality