Which condition may cause an increase in INR due to liver dysfunction?

The increase in INR (International Normalized Ratio) due to liver dysfunction is primarily associated with the liver's key role in synthesizing clotting factors. The liver produces several coagulation proteins, including Factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X, which are vital for normal blood clotting. When liver function is compromised, such as in cases of liver disease, the synthesis of these coagulation factors can be reduced, leading to a prolonged prothrombin time and an elevated INR.

Among the listed conditions, right heart failure can lead to hepatic congestion due to impaired venous return from the systemic circulation. This congestion can cause liver dysfunction, which in turn affects the liver's ability to produce clotting factors. As a result, INR may increase in patients with right heart failure due to the liver compromise, highlighting the connection between cardiovascular health and liver function.

The other conditions listed do not directly imply liver dysfunction in the same way. Hyperthyroidism, left heart failure, and acute kidney injury, while they can have various systemic effects, do not typically result in elevated INR as a direct consequence of liver dysfunction.